6 Fascinating Ways Our Ancestors Navigated the Oceans

People have been exploring the oceans since prehistoric times, way before they had GPS to help them figure out where they were. In this new episode of SciShow, Hank reveals 6 ingenious ways our ancestors navigated the oceans. Let’s go!
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Sources:
http://ageofex.marinersmuseum.org/index.php?type=navigationtool&id=14
http://www.surveyhistory.org/jacob’s_staff1.htm
http://www.vos.noaa.gov/MWL/aug_08/navigation_tools.shtml
http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/gem-projects/hm/0203-1-10-instruments/cross_staff.htm
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-sticks-and-shell-charts-became-sophisticated-system-navigation-180954018/
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1978.412.826/
http://ageofex.marinersmuseum.org/index.php?type=navigationtool&id=10
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/archaeology/not-just-the-stuff-of-legend-famed-viking-sunstone-did-exist-believe-scientists-8521522.html
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2011/11/viking-sunstone-revealed
http://www.livescience.com/27696-viking-sunstone-shipwreck.html

ICELAND SPAR, Did the Vikings Use It for Navigation?

http://www.oceannavigator.com/January-February-2003/Arab-navigators-used-a-Kamal-to-find-latitude/

Kamal

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v459/n7248/full/459778a.html
http://www.cultural-china.com/chinaWH/html/en/History206bye774.html
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/china_1000ce_mingvoyages.htm
http://nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/compass/
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/phyopt/biref.html
https://www.astrolabes.org/pages/mariner.htm

Mariner’s Astrolabe

http://ageofex.marinersmuseum.org/index.php?type=navigationtool&id=12
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2014/10/epic-pre-columbian-voyage-suggested-genes
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Compass
http://www.livescience.com/32732-how-does-a-compass-work.html
http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/observations/longitude.html
http://www.pbs.org/weta/roughscience/series1/challenges/latlong/page4.html
https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/tell-time-by-stars.html
http://www.pbs.org/wayfinders/polynesian6.html
https://www.quora.com/Why-is-the-light-coming-from-the-sun-semi-polarized-Is-it-because-of-the-Faraday-rotation
http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/lightandcolor/birefringence.html
https://books.google.com/books?id=5VAVDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA288&
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0315086085710300
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03085696008592173?journalCode=rimu20
https://www.britannica.com/place/Marshall-Islands